"Michael Provence is Professor, Department of History, University of California, San Diego. He earned a PhD in Modern Middle Eastern History from the University of Chicago. He has lived and studied in Syria, Lebanon, Germany and France. He is the author of the books, The Last Ottoman Generation, (2017), and The Great Syrian Revolt, (2005) both translated and widely reviewed in Turkish and Arabic, and many articles on the late Ottoman and colonial Middle East of the early 20 th century."